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EFFECTS OF NITROGEN AND GENOTYPE ON SOME PHYSIOLOGICAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERS OF MAIZE (Zea mays.L)
ABSTRACT
Three genotypes (LNTP-WC2,LNTP-Y5 and OBA 98) with seven nitrogen levels (0,20,40,60,80,100 and 120 kg N ha-1) used to investigate the effects of Nitrogen and genotypes on some physiological and morphological characters of maize at Samaru, in the Northern guinea Savanna of Nigeria. The trials were conducted for two years (2007 and 2008) at the institute for Agricultural research farm at Samaru, Zaria. The objectives of the study were to find out the effect of Nitrogen on the performance of maize genotypes and also to determine the varietal differences in N-use efficiency and components of N-efficiency. Nitrogen application was found to significantly (p<0.05) increase growth of plant such as plant height,leaf area and leaf dry weight. Plant height increased from 0.3m under control to 1.77m with the highest nitrogen rate. Similarly, highest number of leaf area plant-1 of 533 and 435 cm2 in 2007 and 2008 respectively,were obtained with the highest rate of N( 120 kg N ha- 1) Mean grain yield from 3259 kg N ha-1 in 2007,4502 kg N ha-1 in 2008 and 4082 kg N ha-1 in the combined analysis.The components of N-efficiency viz :N-uptake efficiency and Nutilization efficiency were positively affected by characters of maize.However,NUE and Nutilization efficiency were seen as the most important components of N-efficiency. The correlation coefficients obtained showed that 100 seed-weight, leaf area, cob length and number of rows cob-1 were positively and significantly correlated with grain yield.
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